A program was carried out on applications of nuclear techniques to practical problems. Utilizing elastic scattering of protons with coincidence detection, profiles of hydrogen content vs depth in relatively thick samples were determined [Ref.18] they typically showed strong hydrogen contamination on the front and back surfaces. Utilizing particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE), later supplemented with X-ray induced X-ray emission (X-ray fluorescence, XRF), several environmental studies for trace elements were carried out on water samples (e.g. Pittsburgh rain water [Ref.19]) and on dust samples collected by pumping measured quantities of air through filters [Ref.20]. The most elaborate of the latter was a study of protection from being indoors against airborne particulates of outdoor origin [Ref.21], which is applicable for situations involving dispersed radioactivity or other toxic particulates. Other applications of nuclear techniques for chemical analyses were developed [Ref.22]. Fluorine-18 was produced for medical applications, demonstrating that it is practical to use Van de Graaf accelerators for that purpose [Ref.23].
